The Wandering — Odysseus' voyage on the real Mediterranean
Ten years · Twelve ships · One survivor

The Wandering

ΟΔΥΣΣΕΙΑ  ·  ΠΛΑΝΗ

Homer's hero sails from a real war to a real island, and everything between is argued over. This chart lays the Odyssey across the actual Mediterranean — where the poem's places have been located, how good the evidence is, and what the voyage costs him at each stop.

You will find the track of Odysseus' wanderings the day you find the cobbler who stitched the bag of the winds. Eratosthenes, c. 240 BCE — quoted by Strabo, who disagreed
The muster · twelve ships out of Troy
600still alive  /  12 ships
Year 0 of 10
Troy fallsCirce · 1 yrCalypso · 7 yrsIthaca

Homer never counts his crews. Fifty oarsmen a ship is the standard estimate from the Iliad's ship catalogue — so the arithmetic here is honest, but rounded.

Where this comes from

The poem: Homer, Odyssey, Books 3–13 for the geography, 9–12 for the wanderings as Odysseus tells them at the Phaeacian court.

The ancients: Herodotus 4.177 (the lotus); Thucydides 1.25 & 6.2 (Corcyra and the Phaeacians; Cyclopes in Sicily); Strabo, Geography 1.2 (the whole defence of Homer as a geographer, and Eratosthenes' jab at it); Pliny, Natural History 5.7 (Meninx as the Lotus-Eaters' island).

The diggers: Blegen at Troy and at Pylos; Sylvia Benton in the Polis Bay cave on Ithaca; Korfmann's lower city at Hisarlık; the Menelaion at Therapne.

The modern arguments: Victor Bérard, Les Navigations d'Ulysse (1927–29), which put the voyage on a Phoenician sailing route; Tim Severin, who rowed a replica galley over it in 1985; Robert Bittlestone, Odysseus Unbound (2005), for the Kefalonia case.

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GPT 5.6 Sol